Coagulation Factor X (FX)

Coagulation Factor X, also known as Stuart factor, is a vitamin K-dependent serine endopeptidase that plays a central role in the blood coagulation cascade. It is synthesized in the liver and circulates in plasma as an inactive zymogen. Activation to factor Xa occurs through both intrinsic and extrinsic pathways, leading to thrombin generation and fibrin clot formation. Deficiency can cause bleeding disorders, while its dysregulation is implicated in thrombotic conditions. Therapeutic interventions include Factor X concentrates to supplement deficient levels and anticoagulant drugs to inhibit its activity.

Other names

Factor XStuart factorStuart-Prower factor

Factor X is activated to factor Xa, which then associates with cofactor Va to form the prothrombinase complex, converting prothrombin into thrombin, an essential step for fibrin clot formation. Some drugs directly or indirectly inhibit Factor Xa activity, preventing thrombin formation and subsequent clot formation. Factor X concentrates directly supplement Factor X levels, restoring the coagulation cascade.