Molecular Classification
Receptor tyrosine kinase, RTKIII
Other Names
M-CSFR, CD115, c-FMS
Disease Roles
Adult-onset leukoencephalopathy with axonal spheroids and pigmented glia (ALSP)CancerNeurodegenerative disease

Colony stimulating factor–1 receptor Overview

Colony stimulating factor–1 receptor (CSF–1R) is a type III receptor tyrosine kinase (RTKIII) that plays a crucial role in the survival, proliferation, and differentiation of myeloid lineage cells, including monocytes, macrophages, and osteoclasts. It is activated by its ligands, colony stimulating factor 1 (CSF-1) and interleukin-34 (IL-34), leading to downstream signaling through pathways such as PI3K/AKT, MAPK/ERK, and STAT. CSF-1R is implicated in various diseases, including adult-onset leukoencephalopathy with axonal spheroids and pigmented glia (ALSP) and cancer, making it a therapeutic target for CSF–1R inhibitors aimed at depleting/reprogramming tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) and modulating immune responses.

Mechanism of Action

Depletion/reprogramming of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs); Modulation of immune responses against tumors

Biological Functions

Myeloid cell survival
Myeloid cell proliferation
Myeloid cell differentiation
Osteoclast precursor survival
Osteoclast proliferation
Osteoclast maturation
Osteoclast fusion
Bone resorption
Glial cell proliferation
Glial cell differentiation
Immune modulation

Disease Associations

Adult-onset leukoencephalopathy with axonal spheroids and pigmented glia (ALSP)
Cancer
Neurodegenerative disease

Safety Considerations

  • To be determined in clinical trials

Interacting Drugs

CSF–1R inhibitors

Associated Biomarkers

Biomarker
High intratumoral CSF–1R+ macrophage presence