Gosset Molecular Classification
Exotoxin, Enzyme
Other Names
Diphtheria toxin
Disease Roles
Corynebacterium diphtheriae toxin Overview
Corynebacterium diphtheriae toxin (DT) is a potent exotoxin and the primary virulence factor produced by toxigenic strains of C. diphtheriae. It inhibits protein synthesis in eukaryotic cells by ADP-ribosylating elongation factor 2 (EF-2), leading to cell death. The toxin's A-B structure allows it to bind to cell surface receptors, be internalized via endocytosis, and translocate the catalytic A fragment into the cytoplasm.
Mechanism of Action
ADP-ribosylation of elongation factor 2 (EF-2), inhibiting protein synthesis.
Biological Functions
Protein synthesis inhibition
Cell death induction
ADP-ribosylation
Disease Associations
Infection
Diphtheria
Myocarditis
Neuropathy
Safety Considerations
- High toxicity
- Potential for systemic effects (myocarditis, neuropathy)
- Risk of complications in diphtheria infection
Interacting Drugs
Diphtheria toxoid vaccine
Diphtheria antitoxin