Molecular Classification
Inorganic anion, Pseudohalide
Other Names
Cyano group, CN-, Cyanide
Disease Roles
Cyanide Ion Overview
The cyanide ion (CN⁻) is a highly toxic inorganic anion that inhibits cellular respiration by binding to cytochrome c oxidase. It is not a therapeutic target in the traditional sense but is rather a toxic molecule that must be neutralized via antidotes if exposure has occurred.
Mechanism of Action
Inhibits cytochrome c oxidase (complex IV) in the mitochondrial electron transport chain, blocking cellular respiration.
Biological Functions
Inhibitor of cellular respiration
Blocks oxygen utilization
Induces hypoxia
Disease Associations
Toxicology
Poisoning
Hypoxia
Safety Considerations
- Extremely high toxicity
- Rapid onset of action
- Potential for widespread organ damage due to hypoxia
Interacting Drugs
Antidotes (e.g., hydroxocobalamin, sodium nitrite, sodium thiosulfate)