Cyclic GMP–AMP synthase (None)

Cyclic GMP–AMP synthase (cGAS) is a cytosolic enzyme that functions as a DNA sensor, playing a central role in the innate immune response to cytosolic double-stranded DNA (dsDNA). Upon binding to dsDNA, cGAS catalyzes the synthesis of cyclic GMP-AMP (cGAMP), specifically 2′,3′-cGAMP, from ATP and GTP. This cyclic dinucleotide acts as a second messenger that activates the adaptor protein STING (Stimulator of Interferon Genes), leading to downstream signaling events including activation of TBK1 and IRF3, which ultimately induce type I interferon production. Dysregulation is linked to autoimmune diseases; targeted stimulation has potential applications in immuno-oncology.

Other names

CGAS

Inhibition of cGAS activity; Activation of cGAS activity (in immuno-oncology)