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Cyclic nucleotide-gated channel (CNGC)
- Target
- CNGC
- Molecular classification
- Ion channel, Ligand-gated ion channel
01
Overview
Cyclic nucleotide-gated channels (CNGCs) are nonselective cation channels crucial for sensory transduction, especially in vision and olfaction. They are heterotetrameric assemblies of alpha (CNGA1–4) and beta (CNGB1, CNGB3) subunits, each with six transmembrane domains and a cyclic nucleotide-binding domain (CNBD). Activation by cyclic nucleotides induces conformational changes, opening the channel and allowing passage of Na+, K+, Ca2+, and other ions. In plants, CNGCs are involved in Ca2+ signaling pathways related to development, stress, and defense. Mutations in CNGC genes can cause retinal degenerative diseases like achromatopsia.
- Other names
- CNG channelCyclic nucleotide gated ion channel
02
Mechanism of action
Directly gated by cAMP/cGMP binding, leading to channel opening and ion flow
03
Biological functions
Sensory transductionPhototransductionOlfactory signal transductionCalcium signalingRegulation of neuronal excitabilityHormone release regulationChemotaxisPlant developmentStress responsePathogen defensePollen tube growthFertilization
04
Disease associations
Retinal degenerationAchromatopsiaColor blindness
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