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Cyclooxygenase pathway

Molecular classification: Pathway, Enzymatic Pathway

Overview

The cyclooxygenase (COX) pathway is a major metabolic route responsible for converting arachidonic acid into prostanoids (prostaglandins, prostacyclins, and thromboxanes), which play critical roles in inflammation, hemostasis, renal function, and other physiological processes. The central enzymes are cyclooxygenases (COXs), with two main isoforms: COX-1 (constitutive) and COX-2 (inducible). Inhibition of this pathway is a common therapeutic strategy for managing pain and inflammation.

Mechanism of action

Inhibition of cyclooxygenase enzymes (COX-1 and/or COX-2), leading to reduced prostanoid synthesis.

Biological functions

InflammationHemostasisRenal functionProstanoid synthesis

Disease associations

InflammationCardiovascular diseaseCancerAcute kidney injury

Safety considerations

Gastrointestinal toxicity (NSAIDs)Cardiovascular risks (COX-2 inhibitors)

Interacting drugs

NSAIDs

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