Gosset Molecular Classification
Enzyme
Other Names
Prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2, PTGS2
Disease Roles
Cyclooxygenase type 2 Overview
Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), also known as prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 (PTGS2), is an enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of arachidonic acid to prostaglandin H₂ (PGH₂). It is a key mediator of inflammation, being upregulated during inflammatory responses and driving the production of pro-inflammatory prostanoids. Selective COX-2 inhibitors are used as anti-inflammatory drugs, but some have been linked to cardiovascular risks.
Mechanism of Action
Selective inhibition of COX-2 enzymatic activity
Biological Functions
Catalysis of arachidonic acid to prostaglandin H₂
Inflammation
Prostaglandin synthesis
Disease Associations
Inflammation
Pain
Cancer
Cardiovascular disease
Safety Considerations
- Cardiovascular risks
- Gastrointestinal side effects (less than non-selective NSAIDs)
Interacting Drugs
Celecoxib