Dectin-1 (beta-glucan receptor) (Dectin-1)

Dectin-1 (beta-glucan receptor, CLEC7A) is a type II transmembrane pattern recognition receptor of the C-type lectin receptor (CLR) family, primarily expressed on myeloid cells such as macrophages, dendritic cells, neutrophils, and some T cells. It specifically recognizes beta-1,3- and beta-1,6-linked glucans found in fungal cell walls as well as some bacterial polysaccharides. Upon ligand binding, Dectin-1 initiates intracellular signaling involving its hemITAM motif, resulting in the activation of innate immune responses, cytokine release, phagocytosis, and trained immunity (a form of innate memory). Dectin-1 activity is central to antifungal host defense and has been implicated in immunomodulation related to infection, inflammation, and cancer. Multiple forms of beta-glucan act as agonists and experimental modulators, but no approved small molecule drugs directly target Dectin-1. Dectin-1 works cooperatively with Toll-like receptors to shape the immune response; its expression and function are key investigative biomarkers and potential therapeutic targets in infectious and inflammatory diseases. If a different or more general “immune cell receptor for beta-glucan” were meant (such as CR3 or scavenger receptors), context indicates Dectin-1 is by far the most established and canonical receptor for this query.

Other names

beta-glucan receptorCLEC7AC-type lectin domain family 7 member AbGR

Binding of beta-glucan ligands to Dectin-1 activates intracellular signaling via a hemITAM motif, leading to production of pro-inflammatory cytokines (e.g., TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6), ROS generation, and co-stimulation of T cells. Requires synergy with Toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling for full activation.