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Diphtheria Toxin Mutant (CRM197) (CRM197)
- Target
- CRM197
- Molecular classification
- Toxin (mutated), Enzyme (inactive ADP-ribosyltransferase)
01
Overview
CRM197 is a well-characterized non-toxic mutant form of diphtheria toxin that serves primarily as an effective carrier protein in modern conjugate vaccines targeting encapsulated bacteria. Its unique single-point mutation (G52E) renders it safe while maintaining strong immunostimulatory properties essential for pediatric vaccination programs worldwide. Ongoing research explores additional therapeutic uses based on its ability to interact with cellular receptors beyond classical vaccine roles, particularly its potential as an inhibitor of HB-EGF signaling in cancer.
- Other names
- Corynebacterium diphtheriae CRM197 protein
02
Mechanism of action
Conjugation to polysaccharides to elicit T-cell dependent immune responses; Inhibition of HB-EGF-mediated signaling (potential)
03
Biological functions
Vaccine carrier proteinImmune response enhancementHeparin-binding EGF-like growth factor (HB-EGF) inhibitor (potential)Mitogenic activity inhibitor (potential)
04
Disease associations
Infection (prevention via vaccination)Cancer (potential therapeutic target via HB-EGF inhibition)
05
Safety considerations
Potential toxicity in certain cell lines at high concentrationsCarrier-induced suppression (potential, less than other carriers)
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