DNA Alkylation ()

DNA Alkylation Overview

DNA alkylation is a chemical process in which an alkyl group (such as methyl, ethyl, or larger carbon chains) is covalently attached to specific atoms within the DNA molecule. This modification typically occurs at nucleophilic sites on the nitrogenous bases of DNA and can be induced by endogenous metabolic processes or exposure to exogenous alkylating agents, many of which are mutagenic or carcinogenic. Alkylation alters base pairing properties, distorts the helical structure of DNA, stalls transcription machinery, interferes with replication fidelity, and can lead to mutations if unrepaired. These lesions are considered a major form of genotoxic stress that threatens genome integrity. If not repaired efficiently by cellular mechanisms, they may result in mutagenesis or cell death. While it can be induced therapeutically to kill cancer cells, it also poses risks due to off-target effects and potential for secondary malignancies.

Mechanism of Action

DNA Alkylation disrupts tumor cell proliferation by inducing irreparable damage in their genomes.

Biological Functions

Safety Considerations

Interacting Drugs