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DNA Gyrase
- Molecular classification
- Enzyme, Topoisomerase, Type II Topoisomerase
01
Overview
DNA gyrase is an essential bacterial enzyme classified as a type II topoisomerase. Its primary function is to introduce negative supercoils into double-stranded closed-circular DNA in an ATP-dependent manner. This activity is crucial for maintaining the proper topology of bacterial DNA, which facilitates processes such as replication and transcription by relieving torsional strain generated during these events. It is a validated antibacterial target.
- Other names
- GyraseDNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolyzing)
02
Mechanism of action
Inhibition of DNA gyrase activity by blocking strand cleavage/religation or ATP binding/hydrolysis, leading to accumulation of double-strand breaks and/or failure to resolve topological stress during replication/transcription.
03
Biological functions
DNA supercoilingDNA relaxationDNA catenationDNA decatenationChromosome condensationTranscription initiationReplication origin firingMaintenance of chromosome structure
04
Disease associations
Infection
05
Safety considerations
Development of bacterial resistanceOff-target effects of inhibitors
06
Interacting drugs
Quinolones
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