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DNA Synthesis (via 5-Fluorouracil)
- Molecular classification
- Enzymatic pathway/process
01
Overview
Targeting DNA synthesis via thymidylate synthase inhibition using 5-fluorouracil exploits cancer cells' high demand for nucleotide precursors during rapid proliferation. The cytotoxic effect arises from both direct inhibition of thymidine production needed for new DNA strands and disruption caused by abnormal incorporation into both nuclear material and especially ribosomal RNA—a dual mechanism now recognized as central to its anticancer efficacy.
- Other names
- Thymidylate synthase inhibitionFluoropyrimidine antimetabolite therapy5-FU chemotherapydTTP depletion
02
Mechanism of action
Irreversible inhibition of thymidylate synthase (TS) by FdUMP; misincorporation of FdUTP into DNA; incorporation of FUTP into RNA.
03
Biological functions
DNA replicationCell proliferationCell cycleRNA processingTranslation
04
Disease associations
Cancer
05
Safety considerations
MyelosuppressionMucositisHand-foot syndromeNeurotoxicityCardiotoxicityDihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (DPD) deficiency
06
Interacting drugs
5-Fluorouracil
1 more in the full profile.
07
Biomarkers
Dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (DPD) activity/expression (predicts toxicity)Thymidylate synthase (TS) expression (predicts response)
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