Dopamine receptors D1, D2, D3, and D4 (DRD1-DRD4)

Dopamine receptors D1, D2, D3, and D4 are a subset of the G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) family that mediate the physiological effects of the neurotransmitter dopamine in the central nervous system and peripheral tissues [2, 4]. This specific grouping is considered incomplete as it excludes the D5 receptor, which along with D1 constitutes the D1-like family, while D2, D3, and D4 form the D2-like family [2, 13]. These receptors play critical roles in regulating motor control, motivation, reward, and cognitive functions such as working memory and attention [3, 11]. Dysregulation of these receptors is central to the pathophysiology of several neuropsychiatric conditions, including schizophrenia, Parkinson's disease, and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) [4, 5]. Pharmacological intervention often involves dopamine receptor antagonists for treating psychosis or agonists for managing motor symptoms in Parkinson's [10, 11]. However, targeting these receptors can lead to significant side effects, such as extrapyramidal symptoms or impulse control disorders, due to their widespread expression and diverse functional roles [11, 17].

Other names

Dopamine receptor D1Dopamine receptor D2Dopamine receptor D3Dopamine receptor D4DRD1DRD2DRD3DRD4D1-like dopamine receptorsD2-like dopamine receptors

Dopamine receptor antagonism, agonism, and partial agonism