Extracellular matrix components and cell surface receptors (ECM-CSR) (ECM-CSR)

The extracellular matrix (ECM) components and cell surface receptors constitute a dynamic structural and functional network essential for multicellular life. The ECM consists of fibrous proteins like collagen and elastin, as well as proteoglycans and glycoproteins, which provide the physical scaffolding for tissues (Source: Alberts B, et al. Molecular Biology of the Cell, 2002). Cell surface receptors, most notably the integrin family, serve as the mechanical and chemical link between the ECM and the intracellular cytoskeleton, mediating signal transduction pathways that regulate cell survival, proliferation, and migration (Source: Hynes RO, Cell, 2002). This interaction is crucial for tissue homeostasis; however, its dysregulation is a hallmark of many diseases. In cancer, the ECM is often remodeled to facilitate tumor invasion and metastasis, while in fibrotic diseases, excessive ECM accumulation leads to organ dysfunction (Source: Walker C, et al., Nature Reviews Cancer, 2018). Pharmacological strategies targeting this system include the use of monoclonal antibodies to block integrin-mediated adhesion or enzymes to degrade pathological matrix buildup (Source: PubChem, 2024). Because these components are ubiquitous, therapeutic targeting requires high specificity to avoid disrupting normal tissue homeostasis and wound healing processes.

Other names

Extracellular matrixCell-matrix interaction componentsECM-receptor interaction pathwayMatricellular proteinsCell adhesion moleculesKEGG: hsa04512

Mechanisms of action for drugs targeting this system include the competitive antagonism of cell-surface receptors (such as integrins) to disrupt cell-adhesion signaling, the enzymatic cleavage of structural matrix proteins (like collagen) to alleviate pathological accumulation, and the inhibition of matrix-remodeling enzymes (such as MMPs) to stabilize tissue architecture.