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Fe(II)-protoporphyrin IX (Heme)

Target: Heme
Molecular classification: Metalloporphyrin, Cofactor

Overview

Fe(II)-protoporphyrin IX, commonly known as heme or protoheme IX, is a metalloporphyrin complex where an iron(II) (ferrous) ion is coordinated at the center of the protoporphyrin IX macrocycle. This molecule serves as a critical prosthetic group in various hemoproteins, including hemoglobin, myoglobin, and cytochromes. It is essential for oxygen transport, storage, and electron transfer. While not a direct drug target itself, its role in malaria pigment formation makes related enzymes and pathways potential therapeutic targets.

Other names: ProtohemeProtoheme IXHaemHeme b

Mechanism of action

Endogenous inhibitor of hematin polymerization (in malaria parasites)

Biological functions

Oxygen transportOxygen storageElectron transferCatalysisRedox reactions

Disease associations

Malaria (indirectly, through inhibition of hemozoin formation)Porphyria (indirectly, related to heme biosynthesis)

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