Feline herpesvirus 1 (FHV-1), Feline calicivirus (FCV), Feline parvovirus (FPV) (FHV-1, FCV, FPV)

Feline herpesvirus 1 (FHV-1), Feline calicivirus (FCV), and Feline parvovirus (FPV) are the three primary viral pathogens addressed by core feline vaccination protocols, commonly known as the FVRCP vaccine [2, 5]. FHV-1 is an enveloped double-stranded DNA virus that causes feline viral rhinotracheitis, characterized by severe upper respiratory symptoms and keratitis [3, 12]. FCV is a non-enveloped, single-stranded RNA virus responsible for respiratory disease and oral ulcerations, notable for its high mutation rate and strain diversity [9, 10]. FPV is a small, non-enveloped single-stranded DNA virus that targets rapidly dividing cells, leading to life-threatening enteritis and panleukopenia [15, 18]. This grouping does not represent a single molecular target but rather a collection of distinct viral entities with different structures and replication strategies [4, 7]. Consequently, therapeutic and prophylactic interventions range from broad-spectrum immunization to virus-specific antivirals like famciclovir for FHV-1 [1, 14].

Other names

FVRCP pathogensFeline viral rhinotracheitis virusFeline panleukopenia virusFeline respiratory disease complex pathogens

These pathogens are primarily addressed through active immunization using modified-live or inactivated vaccines to induce protective immunity [2, 5]. Specific antiviral treatments for FHV-1 include nucleoside analogs like famciclovir and cidofovir, which inhibit viral DNA polymerase [1, 14]. Feline interferon omega is used to modulate the immune response and induce an antiviral state against FCV and FHV-1 [6, 9]. Supportive care for FPV may involve filgrastim to stimulate granulopoiesis in the face of severe panleukopenia [17].