Formyl peptide receptor 3 (FPR3) (FPR3)

Formyl peptide receptor 3 (FPR3), also known as Formyl peptide receptor-like 2 (FPRL2), is a G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) that is part of the formyl peptide receptor family. Unlike FPR1 and FPR2, FPR3 is primarily expressed on monocytes, macrophages, and dendritic cells, and it does not respond to the classical bacterial peptide N-formylmethionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (fMLF). Instead, it is activated by endogenous ligands such as the peptide F2L, which is derived from the heme-binding protein. Activation of FPR3 triggers intracellular calcium mobilization and chemotaxis, playing a significant role in the recruitment and maturation of myeloid cells during the immune response. Because of its involvement in leukocyte trafficking and inflammatory signaling, FPR3 is a potential therapeutic target for inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. However, the high structural similarity between FPR family members poses a challenge for the development of selective pharmacological agents (Source: UniProt P25090; IUPHAR/BPS Guide to Pharmacology).

Other names

Formyl peptide receptor-like 2FPRL2FMLP-related receptor IIFMLP-R-IIHM63

FPR3 acts as a G protein-coupled receptor that, upon ligand binding, couples to Gi proteins to inhibit adenylyl cyclase activity and stimulate phospholipase C, leading to increased intracellular calcium levels and activation of MAP kinase pathways. This signaling cascade promotes chemotaxis and the functional activation of monocytes and dendritic cells (Source: UniProt P25090; PMID: 11781383).