G-protein-coupled receptors for specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPMRs) (SPMRs)

G-protein-coupled receptors for specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPMRs) are a distinct class of receptors that orchestrate the active resolution phase of inflammation. This group includes specific receptors such as ALX/FPR2, ChemR23 (ERV1), GPR32 (DRV1), GPR18 (DRV2), and GPR37, which are activated by endogenous lipid mediators like lipoxins, resolvins, protectins, and maresins [1][2]. Unlike traditional anti-inflammatory targets that inhibit the initiation of inflammation, SPMR activation triggers cellular programs to promote tissue repair and homeostasis [2][3]. Their primary biological functions include limiting further neutrophil recruitment and enhancing the phagocytic clearance of apoptotic cells by macrophages, a process known as efferocytosis [3][4]. Dysregulation of these receptors is implicated in chronic inflammatory conditions, including cardiovascular disease, asthma, and neurodegeneration [4][5]. Therapeutic strategies focus on developing selective agonists, such as synthetic SPM mimetics, to "switch on" resolution pathways [1]. These agents offer a novel approach to treating inflammatory diseases without the broad immunosuppression associated with current therapies [1][5].

Other names

Specialized pro-resolving mediator receptorsPro-resolving GPCRsLipoxin receptorsResolvin receptorsResolution phase receptorsALX/FPR2ChemR23ERV1GPR32DRV1GPR18DRV2GPR37LGR6

Agonism of specific GPCRs to activate pro-resolving signaling pathways that limit neutrophil infiltration and promote macrophage-mediated clearance of cellular debris.