HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, alpha chain G (HLA-G) (HLA-G)

HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, alpha chain G (HLA-G) is a nonclassical major histocompatibility complex class Ib molecule encoded by the HLA-G gene, functioning primarily in immune regulation at the maternal-fetal interface to promote tolerance by inhibiting NK cells, T cells, B cells, and other immune effectors through interactions with receptors like ILT2, ILT4, LILRB1, LILRB2, and KIR2DL4; it forms a heterodimer with beta-2 microglobulin, presents a restricted repertoire of self-peptides (e.g., from histones), and exists in multiple membrane-bound (HLA-G1 to G4) and soluble isoforms (HLA-G5 to G7) generated by alternative splicing, with expression limited to sites like placenta, trophoblasts, and tumors

Other names

human leukocyte antigen Gmajor histocompatibility complex class I GHLA G antigenHLA-6.0

CAR T-cell targeting as immune checkpoint and tumor-specific antigen