HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DR beta chain (HLA-DRB)

HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DR beta chain (commonly referred to as HLA-DRB) is the beta subunit of the HLA-DR receptor, a major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II molecule. It is present on the surface of professional antigen-presenting cells such as B lymphocytes, dendritic cells, and macrophages. The molecule forms a heterodimer with the DRA (alpha) chain, and its primary role is to bind peptide fragments derived from extracellular proteins and display them at the cell surface for recognition by T helper cells, thereby coordinating adaptive immune responses. The gene encoding HLA-DRB has extensive polymorphism, allowing for high variability in antigen presentation across individuals. HLA-DR mismatching is a critical determinant in transplantation and is implicated in susceptibility or resistance to numerous autoimmune and infectious diseases. Certain alleles such as HLA-DRB1*04:01 and HLA-DRB1*15:01 are strongly associated with conditions like rheumatoid arthritis and multiple sclerosis, respectively[1][2][3][5][6][8].

Other names

HLA-DRB1HLA-DRBHLA class II histocompatibility antigenDR-1 beta chainmajor histocompatibility complex, class II, DR beta 1DRw10DRB1human leucocyte antigen DRB1MHC class II HLA-DR beta 1 chainlymphocyte antigen DRB1SS12B13_HUMAN2B1F_HUMANDW2.2/DR2.2HLA-DR1BMHC class II antigenMHC class II HLA-DR-beta cell surface glycoproteinMHC class II HLA-DRw10-beta[6]

Inhibition of T-cell activation via costimulatory blockade (e.g., CD80/CD86 inhibition by abatacept/belatacept), Antibody-mediated depletion of lymphocytes (e.g., rituximab, alemtuzumab), Immunosuppression to prevent allorecognition