Human immunodeficiency virus 1 capsid protein p24 (presented in Ty virus-like particle) (HIV-1 p24)

HIV-1 p24 is the primary structural protein that forms the capsid shell of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus type 1, protecting the viral RNA genome and facilitating its delivery into host cells. In the specific context of the p17/p24:Ty virus-like particle (VLP), the p24 antigen is fused to the yeast Ty1 p1 protein, which self-assembles into non-infectious particles that mimic the structure of a virus to enhance immune recognition. This VLP presentation is designed to stimulate robust cellular and humoral immune responses, making it a significant target for therapeutic vaccine development aimed at controlling HIV infection. Beyond its role as an antigen, p24 is a critical target for a new class of antiretroviral drugs known as capsid inhibitors, which disrupt multiple stages of the viral replication cycle. Its high conservation across HIV strains and its essential role in viral maturation and nuclear entry make it a focal point for both diagnostic monitoring and long-acting therapeutic strategies.

Other names

HIV-1 CAp24 antigenHIV-1 capsid proteinp24:Ty-VLPTy-p24 VLPGag p24

As a vaccine antigen presented in a virus-like particle (VLP), it induces T-cell mediated immune responses and antibody production against HIV-1. As a drug target for small molecules like Lenacapavir, it involves the inhibition of capsid-mediated steps of the viral lifecycle, including assembly, disassembly, and nuclear transport.