Human leukocyte antigen A*24:02 (HLA-A*24:02) (HLA-A*24:02)

Human leukocyte antigen A*24:02 (HLA-A*24:02) is a specific allele of the HLA class I heavy chain that forms a functional MHC complex to present intracellular peptides to CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes (UniProt: P01892). The peptide-binding groove is the critical structural domain of this molecule, featuring specific pockets (B and F) that dictate the binding affinity for peptides with anchor residues like Tyrosine or Phenylalanine at the second position and Phenylalanine or Leucine at the C-terminus (Robinson J, et al., 2020). This allele is highly prevalent in East Asian populations, making the HLA-A*24:02 groove a primary focus for regional immunotherapy development (Gonzalez-Galarza FF, et al., 2020). In oncology, this groove presents tumor-associated antigens such as WT1 and GPC3, which are targeted by investigational peptide vaccines and TCR-engineered T-cell therapies like TBI-1301 (Tsuboi A, et al., 2002). The groove also plays a vital role in infectious diseases by presenting viral epitopes from pathogens like CMV and HIV-1 to the immune system (Kuzushima K, et al., 2001). Therapeutic strategies targeting this site must ensure high specificity to the peptide-HLA complex to prevent off-target cross-reactivity with other HLA alleles (Stone JD, et al., 2015). Consequently, the HLA-A*24:02 peptide-binding groove is a foundational target for precision medicine and a key biomarker for patient stratification in clinical trials (Japanese Society for Immunotherapy of Cancer).

Other names

HLA-A24HLA-A*2402MHC class I antigen A*2402HLA-A*24:02 peptide-binding groove

Presentation of antigenic peptides to CD8+ T cells, facilitating the recognition and lysis of target cells by the adaptive immune system.