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Target intelligence / Profile preview
Immune system stimulation via live attenuated Mycobacterium bovis (BCG) (BCG)
- Target
- BCG
- Molecular classification
- Live attenuated vaccine, Bacterial vaccine, Immunostimulant
01
Overview
Live attenuated Mycobacterium bovis Bacillus Calmette–Guérin (BCG) is a bacterial vaccine strain primarily used for tuberculosis prevention. It is also recognized for its broad immunostimulatory properties, including the induction of both innate and adaptive immune responses, and has been explored as an immunotherapeutic agent in various infectious diseases, cancer, and autoimmune conditions.
- Other names
- Bacillus Calmette-GuérinBCG vaccineLive attenuated Mycobacterium bovis
02
Mechanism of action
BCG stimulates innate immunity through interaction with pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), especially toll-like receptors TLR2, TLR4 on dendritic cells and macrophages. It also induces adaptive immunity via antigen presentation and T cell activation, particularly Th1 responses.
03
Biological functions
Immune system stimulationInnate immunity activationAdaptive immunity inductionTrained immunityCytokine productionAntigen presentation
04
Disease associations
Tuberculosis preventionBladder cancer immunotherapyPotential immunotherapy for other infections and cancersAutoimmune disease modulation
05
Safety considerations
Disseminated BCG infection in immunocompromised individualsLocal injection site reactionsFeverRare cases of osteitis or lymphadenitis
06
Interacting drugs
None (BCG is a vaccine, not a drug)
1 more in the full profile.
07
Biomarkers
IFN-γ productionT cell proliferationAntibody titersExpression of activation markers on immune cells (e.g., CD69, CD25)
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