Inactivated poliovirus type 3 (Sabin strain) (sIPV3)

Inactivated poliovirus type 3 Sabin strain is a viral antigen used in the formulation of Sabin-strain inactivated poliovirus vaccines (sIPV) (WHO, 2016). It is derived from the attenuated Sabin Type 3 strain, which is subsequently inactivated with formaldehyde to ensure it cannot replicate or cause disease (Okayasu et al., 2016). The target functions by inducing a robust humoral immune response, specifically the production of neutralizing antibodies directed against the Type 3 poliovirus capsid (Sun et al., 2014). This protection is critical for preventing poliomyelitis, a debilitating infectious disease that can lead to irreversible paralysis (CDC, 2021). Compared to the oral poliovirus vaccine (OPV), the inactivated Sabin strain provides a safer alternative by eliminating the risk of vaccine-associated paralytic poliomyelitis (VAPP) (WHO, 2016). It is a cornerstone of modern immunization programs, often combined with other serotypes to provide comprehensive protection against all forms of the poliovirus. The use of Sabin strains for IPV production also enhances biosafety during the manufacturing process compared to using wild-type strains (Okayasu et al., 2016).

Other names

Sabin-strain inactivated poliovirus type 3sIPV type 3Inactivated Sabin poliovirus type 3Poliovirus type 3 Sabin strain antigen

Induces active immunity by presenting inactivated viral antigens to the immune system, which stimulates B-lymphocytes to produce specific neutralizing antibodies that bind to and neutralize the Type 3 poliovirus, preventing its entry into host cells (Sun et al., 2014; WHO, 2016).