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Target intelligence / Profile preview
Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1)
- Target
- IDO1
- Molecular classification
- Enzyme, Dioxygenase, Heme protein
01
Overview
Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) is a cytosolic, heme-containing enzyme that catalyzes the initial and rate-limiting step in the degradation of L-tryptophan along the kynurenine pathway. It plays a crucial role in immune regulation by depleting tryptophan, leading to T-cell suppression and immune tolerance. IDO1 is overexpressed in many cancers and correlates with poor prognosis and resistance to immunotherapy. Inhibitors targeting IDO1 are being developed for cancer therapy.
- Other names
- IDOIndoleamine-pyrrole 2,3-dioxygenase 1
02
Mechanism of action
Inhibition of IDO1 enzymatic activity, preventing tryptophan depletion and restoring T-cell function.
03
Biological functions
Tryptophan catabolismImmune regulationKynurenine pathwayProduction of NAD+
04
Disease associations
CancerInflammationImmune escape
05
Safety considerations
Limited clinical efficacy of IDO inhibitors in some trialsContext-specific roles of IDO1 require further researchPotential for off-target effects
06
Interacting drugs
IDO inhibitors
07
Biomarkers
IDO1 expression levelsIDO activity
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