Infectious Bronchitis Virus (Variant 2) (IBV)

Infectious Bronchitis Virus (IBV) is a highly contagious avian gammacoronavirus that causes significant economic impact in the poultry industry worldwide (Bande et al., 2015). It primarily targets the respiratory tract, but certain strains, such as the Variant 2 (Var2) or IS/1494/06-like lineage, are also nephropathogenic, causing severe kidney damage and high mortality (Awad et al., 2014). The virus utilizes its Spike (S) glycoprotein to attach to host cell receptors, facilitating entry and subsequent replication within the cytoplasm (Jackwood, 2012). While not a traditional molecular target like a human enzyme, IBV is the primary target for veterinary immunization strategies. Whole live-attenuated virus vaccines are the most common intervention, designed to stimulate a broad immune response by mimicking a natural infection with a weakened version of the pathogen (Jordan, 2017). These vaccines aim to elicit neutralizing antibodies specifically against the S1 subunit of the Spike protein to prevent viral attachment and spread.

Other names

Avian infectious bronchitis virusIBV Variant 2IS/1494/06-like IBVGammacoronavirusGI-23 lineage

Induction of active immunity through exposure to attenuated viral antigens, primarily targeting the Spike protein to elicit neutralizing antibodies and cellular immune responses.