Interleukin-10 receptor subunit alpha (IL10RA) (IL10RA)

Interleukin-10 receptor subunit alpha (IL-10Rα) is the high-affinity, ligand-binding component of the heterotetrameric IL-10 receptor complex (UniProt Q13651). Primarily expressed on hematopoietic cells such as macrophages, T cells, and B cells, it plays a pivotal role in mediating the anti-inflammatory signals of Interleukin-10 (IL-10) (Wikipedia). Upon ligand binding, IL-10Rα associates with IL-10Rβ to activate Janus kinase 1 (JAK1) and Tyk2, subsequently triggering the phosphorylation and nuclear translocation of STAT3 (NIH). This signaling cascade suppresses the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including TNF-α, IL-1, and IL-6, thereby maintaining immune homeostasis and preventing excessive tissue damage (Abcam). Genetic deficiencies in IL-10Rα are a primary cause of very early-onset inflammatory bowel disease (VEOIBD), characterized by severe, treatment-resistant intestinal inflammation (PubMed). In the context of drug development, IL-10Rα is targeted by recombinant IL-10 agonists and fusion proteins to treat autoimmune conditions like Crohn's disease, as well as by PEGylated IL-10 to stimulate anti-tumor CD8+ T-cell responses in oncology (Guide to Pharmacology).

Other names

CD210CD210aCDw210aHIL-10RIL-10R1IL10RInterleukin-10 receptor subunit 1

Agonism of the IL-10 receptor complex, activation of the JAK1/STAT3 signaling pathway, and suppression of pro-inflammatory cytokine production (NIH, Wikipedia).