Interleukin-28A (Interferon lambda-2) (IL-28A (IFNL2))

Interleukin-28A (IL-28A), also known as Interferon lambda-2 (IFNL2), is a type III interferon that plays a critical role in the innate immune response against viral infections and tumors (UniProt Q8IZJ0). It signals through a unique heterodimeric receptor complex composed of IL-28RA (IFNLR1) and IL-10RB, which is primarily expressed on epithelial cells and hepatocytes, leading to a more localized and less systemic effect compared to type I interferons (PubMed: 12469119). Upon receptor binding, IL-28A activates the JAK/STAT signaling pathway, specifically inducing the phosphorylation of STAT1 and STAT2 and the subsequent expression of interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs) (PubMed: 12483210). In therapeutic contexts, the IL-28A pathway is explored for its antiviral and antitumor properties, particularly in the treatment of hepatitis and epithelial-derived cancers (PubMed: 20655797). However, recent research also suggests its involvement in the pathogenesis of certain autoimmune and inflammatory conditions, such as Crohn's disease and uveitis, where it may contribute to tissue damage or barrier dysfunction (PubMed: 33595362, 25130514). Drugs targeting this pathway include interferon-lambda agonists and JAK inhibitors, which modulate the downstream signaling cascade to achieve therapeutic effects.

Other names

Interferon lambda-2IFNL2Cytokine Zcyto20Interleukin-28A

Activation of the heterodimeric receptor complex (IFNLR1 and IL-10RB) leading to JAK/STAT signaling and induction of interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs).