Macrophage-stimulating 1 receptor (MST1R) (MST1R)

Macrophage-stimulating 1 receptor (MST1R), commonly known as RON (Récepteur d'Origine Nantais), is a transmembrane receptor tyrosine kinase and a member of the MET proto-oncogene family [1, 3]. It is primarily expressed on epithelial cells and macrophages, where it plays a critical role in regulating cell survival, migration, and the immune response upon binding its ligand, macrophage-stimulating protein (MSP) [1, 5]. In physiological conditions, MST1R signaling is involved in wound healing and the modulation of inflammatory pathways to maintain tissue homeostasis [1, 6]. However, the receptor is frequently overexpressed or dysregulated in various malignancies, such as pancreatic, breast, and colorectal cancers, where it promotes epithelial-mesenchymal transition, metastasis, and resistance to apoptosis [1, 2]. Because of its prominent role in tumor progression and the immune microenvironment, MST1R has become a significant therapeutic target [1, 4]. Current drug development efforts include small molecule kinase inhibitors, monoclonal antibodies, and antibody-drug conjugates designed to block its oncogenic signaling [1, 6]. Despite its potential, therapeutic challenges remain, including the emergence of constitutively active splice variants like short-form RON (sf-RON) and complex cross-talk with other receptors like MET and EGFR [1, 2].

Other names

RONRécepteur d'Origine NantaisCD136PTK8Macrophage-stimulating protein receptorc-Met-related tyrosine kinaseNPCA3SEA

Tyrosine kinase inhibition, Monoclonal antibody binding, Ligand sequestration