Melanoma-associated antigens and neoantigens (CSF-470) (MAAs/Neoantigens (CSF-470))

The target consists of a diverse array of melanoma-associated antigens (MAAs) and neoantigens presented by the CSF-470 vaccine, also known as VACCIMEL. CSF-470 is an allogeneic whole-cell vaccine composed of four lethally irradiated cutaneous melanoma cell lines (MEL-XY1, MEL-XY2, MEL-XY3, and MEL-XX4) that were selected to provide a broad antigenic profile (Mordoh et al., 2017). These cell lines express shared tumor-associated antigens, including melanocyte differentiation antigens such as PMEL (gp100), tyrosinase (TYR), and Melan-A (MART-1), as well as cancer-testis antigens like MAGE-A3, MAGE-B2, and NY-ESO-1 (Podaza et al., 2020). The vaccine also presents gangliosides such as GD2 and GD3 and induces immune responses against private neoantigens unique to the patient's tumor through antigen spreading (Aris et al., 2022). By delivering this polyvalent set of antigens in the presence of adjuvants like BCG and GM-CSF, the vaccine stimulates a robust adaptive immune response characterized by the expansion of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. This multi-antigenic approach is designed to overcome tumor heterogeneity and prevent immune escape, significantly improving distant metastasis-free survival in patients with high-risk cutaneous melanoma.

Other names

VACCIMEL antigensCSF-470 antigensAllogeneic melanoma cell antigensTumor-associated antigens (CSF-470)

Induction of a polyvalent adaptive and innate immune response against shared tumor-associated antigens and private neoantigens.