MMS19 nucleotide excision repair protein homolog (MMS19) (MMS19)

MMS19 nucleotide excision repair protein homolog (MMS19) is a critical adapter protein within the cytosolic iron-sulfur cluster assembly (CIA) machinery (UniProt Q96T76). It functions by linking the CIA targeting complex to a specific subset of apoproteins, primarily those involved in DNA metabolism and genomic maintenance, such as the helicases XPD, FANCJ, and RTEL1, as well as the catalytic subunit of DNA polymerase delta (POLD1) (Gari et al., 2012; Stehling et al., 2012). By facilitating the insertion of [4Fe-4S] clusters into these enzymes, MMS19 is essential for their structural integrity and catalytic activity. Consequently, MMS19 is vital for processes including nucleotide excision repair, DNA replication, and telomere maintenance (NCBI Gene ID: 64210). In the context of disease, MMS19 deficiency is associated with increased genomic instability and sensitivity to DNA-damaging agents, making it a potential area of study for cancer therapeutics and biomarkers of DNA repair capacity. Although no drugs currently target MMS19 directly, its role in supporting the DNA repair landscape suggests that its modulation could influence the efficacy of platinum-based chemotherapies or PARP inhibitors.

Other names

MET18MMS19LhMMS19MMS19-like proteinMET18 homolog

MMS19 acts as a late-acting adapter in the cytosolic iron-sulfur cluster (Fe-S) assembly (CIA) pathway, bridging the CIA targeting complex with Fe-S-dependent apoproteins to facilitate cluster transfer (Gari et al., 2012; Stehling et al., 2012).