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This target consists of a specific set of six tumor-associated antigen (TAA) peptides—Melanoma-associated antigen A3 (MAGE-A3), Melanoma-associated antigen A4 (MAGE-A4), Survivin (BIRC5), Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2/neu), Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2/PTGS2), and Carbonic anhydrase IX (CAIX/G250)—presented on the surface of tumor cells by Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) molecules. These peptide-MHC (pMHC) complexes are primarily found on renal cell carcinoma (RCC) cells and serve as the recognition site for multi-antigen-targeted T-cell therapies. Unlike chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells that target surface proteins, these T cells utilize their natural T-cell receptors (TCRs) to recognize intracellularly derived peptides presented on the cell surface. By targeting multiple antigens simultaneously, the therapy aims to overcome tumor heterogeneity and prevent immune escape through antigen loss. Clinical development of T-cell products targeting this specific pMHC profile has been led by the Center for Cell and Gene Therapy at Baylor College of Medicine and Marker Therapeutics, notably in the NCT03308942 clinical trial for patients with renal cell carcinoma.
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