Neoantigen peptide-Major Histocompatibility Complex (pMHC) (pMHC)

The target involves the specific engagement of T-cell receptors (TCRs) with neoantigen peptides presented by Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) molecules (Schumacher & Schreiber, 2015). SJ-Neo006 is a personalized neoantigen vaccine platform currently being evaluated in clinical trials, such as NCT05281458, for pediatric and young adult patients with relapsed or refractory solid tumors (ClinicalTrials.gov, 2022). These neoantigens are derived from somatic mutations unique to the patient's tumor, providing a highly specific target for the immune system while sparing healthy tissues (Blass & Ott, 2021). The vaccine is designed to prime and expand the population of CD8+ and CD4+ T cells that can recognize these tumor-specific pMHC complexes. Upon successful TCR engagement, the T cells are activated to exert cytotoxic effects against the tumor cells, primarily through the release of granzymes and perforins (Janeway's Immunobiology, 2016). This personalized approach addresses the challenge of tumor heterogeneity and aims to overcome immune evasion mechanisms in difficult-to-treat cancers.

Other names

Neoepitope-MHC complexTumor-specific antigen (TSA) complexSJ-Neo006 targetT cell receptor engagement by neoantigen peptide–MHC complexes encoded by SJ-Neo006

Induction of adaptive immune responses where vaccine-encoded neoantigens are presented on MHC molecules to activate tumor-specific T cells.