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Nicotinate-nucleotide pyrophosphorylase (carboxylating) (QAPRTase)
- Target
- QAPRTase
- Molecular classification
- Enzyme, Glycosyltransferase, Pentosyltransferase
01
Overview
Nicotinate-nucleotide pyrophosphorylase (carboxylating), also known as quinolinate phosphoribosyltransferase (QAPRTase/QPRT), is an enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of nicotinate D-ribonucleotide and diphosphate, along with CO₂, into quinolinate and 5-phospho-alpha-D-ribose 1-diphosphate[1][4][5]. It plays a crucial role in NAD+ biosynthesis by catabolizing quinolinic acid in the tryptophan-niacin pathway, which is critical for a wide array of cellular processes, including cellular metabolism and energy production[2][5][7]. Dysfunction or altered expression of this enzyme has been implicated in neurodegenerative diseases and cancer, due to its impact on NAD+ levels and quinolinic acid accumulation.
- Other names
- Nicotinate-nucleotide diphosphorylase (carboxylating)Quinolinate phosphoribosyltransferase (decarboxylating)Quinolinate phosphoribosyltransferaseNAD+ pyrophosphorylaseNicotinate mononucleotide pyrophosphorylase (carboxylating)QPRTBNA6 (gene in yeast)
02
Mechanism of action
Enzyme inhibition (experimental: reduces NAD+ biosynthesis and affects quinolinic acid levels)
03
Biological functions
NAD+ biosynthesisCatabolism of quinolinic acid (QA)Nicotinate and nicotinamide metabolism
04
Disease associations
Neurodegenerative diseaseCancerOther (disorders related to NAD+ metabolism)
05
Safety considerations
Potential for neurotoxicity if quinolinic acid accumulatesDisruption of NAD+ biosynthesis may affect cell viability and energy metabolism
06
Interacting drugs
None specifically listed; experimental inhibitors and substrates modulate its activity[5][7].
07
Biomarkers
Quinolinic acid (as a substrate and metabolic intermediate)NAD+ levels (downstream metabolic products)
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