Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-3 (CHRNA3) (nAChR alpha-3)

The nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-3 (CHRNA3) is a key protein that forms part of the pentameric ligand-gated ion channels known as nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) (UniProt P32297). These receptors are predominantly found in the autonomic ganglia, where they mediate fast synaptic transmission, and in the central nervous system, where they modulate the release of various neurotransmitters (NCBI Gene 1136). CHRNA3-containing receptors, often found in combination with beta-4 subunits, are essential for the proper functioning of the peripheral autonomic nervous system, influencing cardiovascular and gastrointestinal processes. Genetic polymorphisms in the CHRNA3 gene, such as rs1051730, are highly correlated with an increased risk of nicotine dependence and smoking-related pathologies, including lung cancer and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) (Thorgeirsson et al., 2008; Amos et al., 2008). Therapeutic targeting of these receptors involves agonists and partial agonists for smoking cessation, though selectivity remains a challenge due to the potential for autonomic side effects. Understanding the specific assembly and localization of alpha-3 containing subtypes is crucial for developing treatments for autonomic dysfunctions and neurodegenerative conditions.

Other names

CHRNA3Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-3Cholinergic receptor nicotinic alpha 3 subunitL2NACHRA3

Agonist, partial agonist, or antagonist modulation of cholinergic signaling in the autonomic ganglia and central nervous system.