Outer capsid glycoprotein VP7 (G3 type) (VP7 (G3))

Outer capsid glycoprotein VP7 is a major structural protein of the rotavirus virion, forming the outermost layer of the triple-layered capsid (UniProt: P03533). The G3 type refers to a specific serotype of this protein, which is a primary determinant of the virus's antigenic specificity and a key target for neutralizing antibodies (PubMed: 16333070). VP7 functions as a calcium-binding protein; its trimeric structure is stabilized by calcium ions, and the withdrawal of these ions in the host cell endosome triggers viral uncoating (decapsidation), a prerequisite for infection (PubMed: 12941907). In addition to its structural role, VP7 is involved in viral attachment and entry through interactions with host cell receptors and co-receptors like integrins. It is a critical component of rotavirus vaccines, such as the pentavalent RotaTeq, which includes the G3 serotype to elicit protective immunity against severe gastroenteritis in infants (PubMed: 16333070). Therapeutic strategies targeting VP7 focus on inducing or delivering antibodies that stabilize the trimer or block receptor binding sites to prevent viral replication.

Other names

G3 serotypeRotavirus G3 typeVP7 glycoproteinG-proteinMajor outer capsid glycoprotein

Vaccines and antibodies target VP7 to induce neutralizing responses that block viral attachment to host cells or inhibit the calcium-dependent uncoating (decapsidation) process required for viral entry (PubMed: 16333070, 12941907).