Peanut-specific CD4+ T helper cell (ps-CD4+ T cell)

Peanut-specific CD4+ T helper cells are a specialized subset of memory T lymphocytes that orchestrate the allergic immune response to peanut proteins in sensitized individuals (Chiang et al., 2018). These cells are characterized by their ability to recognize specific peanut allergens, such as Ara h 1 and Ara h 2, via their T-cell receptors (TCRs) (Prickett et al., 2013). In patients with peanut allergy, these cells typically exhibit a Th2-polarized phenotype, secreting cytokines like IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13, which drive IgE production and effector cell activation (Ruiter et al., 2020). Therapeutic interventions, including oral immunotherapy (OIT) like Palforzia and biologics like Omalizumab, target these cells to induce desensitization or long-term tolerance by modulating their frequency, phenotype, or cytokine output (FDA, 2020; Wood et al., 2024). Monitoring these cells through biomarkers like CD154 expression and TCR sequencing is crucial for assessing treatment efficacy and patient sensitivity (Chiang et al., 2018).

Other names

Peanut-responsive CD4+ T helper cellPeanut-reactive CD4+ T cellPeanut-activated CD4+ T cellPeanut-specific Th2 cell

Immune desensitization, induction of regulatory T cells (Tregs), Th2 to Th1 immune deviation, inhibition of IgE-mediated activation, and blockade of IL-4/IL-13 signaling.