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Pertussis Vaccine Antigens (Pertussis Toxoid, Filamentous Hemagglutinin, Pertactin, Fimbriae Types 2 & 3) (aP Antigens)
- Target
- aP Antigens
- Molecular classification
- Toxoid, Protein, Outer membrane protein, Pilus structure, Adhesin
01
Overview
Acellular pertussis (aP) vaccines contain a combination of purified Bordetella pertussis antigens, including pertussis toxoid (PT), filamentous hemagglutinin (FHA), pertactin (PRN), and fimbriae types 2 and 3 (FIM2/3). These antigens elicit an immune response that protects against whooping cough by neutralizing toxins and blocking bacterial adherence to the respiratory epithelium. Vaccine formulations vary, but typically include at least PT and one or more adhesion proteins. Vaccine-driven evolution can lead to decreased expression of some antigens, like pertactin, in circulating strains.
- Other names
- Pertussis ToxoidPTFilamentous HemagglutininFHAPertactinPRNFimbriae Type 2Fim2Agglutinogen type IIFimbriae Type 3Fim3Agglutinogen type III
02
Mechanism of action
Induction of neutralizing antibodies and cell-mediated immunity against Bordetella pertussis antigens.
03
Biological functions
Adhesion to respiratory epitheliumToxin neutralizationImmune response inductionColonization of respiratory tract
04
Disease associations
InfectionPertussisWhooping cough
05
Safety considerations
Local injection site reactionsFeverRare cases of anaphylaxisPotential for waning immunityStrain variation affecting vaccine effectiveness
06
Interacting drugs
DTaP vaccines
5 more in the full profile.
07
Biomarkers
Anti-PT antibody levelsAnti-FHA antibody levelsAnti-PRN antibody levelsAnti-FIM2/3 antibody levels
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