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Phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate 3-phosphatase and dual-specificity protein phosphatase PTEN (PTEN)
- Target
- PTEN
- Molecular classification
- Dual-specificity phosphatase, Lipid phosphatase, Tumor suppressor
01
Overview
PTEN is a dual-specificity phosphatase that acts as a tumor suppressor by antagonizing the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway. It dephosphorylates PIP3, a key signaling molecule, and certain proteins, regulating cell growth, survival, and metabolism. Loss-of-function mutations in PTEN are frequently observed in various cancers and developmental disorders.
- Other names
- MMAC1TEP1
02
Mechanism of action
Dephosphorylates PIP3 to PI(4,5)P2, inhibiting PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling. Acts as a protein phosphatase on substrates like FAK.
03
Biological functions
Signal transductionCell cycle regulationRegulation of cell proliferationRegulation of cell survivalPI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway inhibition
04
Disease associations
CancerCowden syndromeAutism spectrum disorder
05
Safety considerations
Non-selective PTEN activation could lead to unwanted cell death or growth inhibition.Restoration of PTEN function in all tissues could have unintended consequences.
06
Biomarkers
PTEN expression levels in tumor tissuePTEN mutations in tumor tissue
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