Plasma membrane Ca2+ ATPase (PMCA)

The plasma membrane Ca2+ ATPase (PMCA) is a P-type primary ion transport ATPase located in the plasma membrane of all eukaryotic cells. Its main function is to extrude calcium ions (Ca2+) from the cytosol to the extracellular space, thereby maintaining low intracellular Ca2+ concentrations essential for proper cell signaling and homeostasis. It plays a critical role in regulating intracellular calcium levels, which are vital for numerous cellular processes including signal transduction, muscle contraction, neurotransmitter release, fertilization, and programmed cell death. Dysfunction or altered expression/splicing of PMCAs has been linked with various diseases, including neurological disorders, cardiovascular dysfunctions, and intellectual developmental disorders.

Inhibition of Ca2+ transport