Poliovirus receptor (PVR) (PVR)

Poliovirus receptor (PVR), also known as CD155, is a type I transmembrane glycoprotein and a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily (IgSF) (UniProt P15151). Originally identified as the cellular receptor for poliovirus, its physiological functions include mediating cell-cell adhesion through interactions with vitronectin and regulating immune cell activity (Mendelsohn et al., 1989, Cell). In the context of oncology, PVR is frequently overexpressed on tumor cells and interacts with several receptors on T cells and natural killer (NK) cells, most notably the inhibitory receptor TIGIT (T-cell immunoreceptor with Ig and ITIM domains) (Yu et al., 2009, Nature Immunology). The binding of PVR to TIGIT at the TIGIT/PVR interface sends a potent immunosuppressive signal that inhibits the effector functions of these immune cells, allowing tumors to evade immune surveillance (Johnston et al., 2014, Cancer Cell). Conversely, PVR can also bind to the activating receptor CD226 (DNAM-1), but TIGIT possesses a significantly higher affinity for PVR, effectively outcompeting CD226 in the tumor microenvironment (Stanietsky et al., 2009, PNAS). Therapeutic interventions targeting this interface, such as monoclonal antibodies against PVR or TIGIT, are designed to block the inhibitory interaction and restore the anti-tumor activity of the immune system (Sanchez-Correa et al., 2019, Frontiers in Immunology).

Other names

CD155Necl-5Nectin-like protein 5Tage4HVEB

Blockade of the inhibitory interaction between PVR (CD155) and TIGIT to prevent immunosuppressive signaling and promote CD226-mediated immune activation.