Target intelligence / Profile preview

Poliovirus types 1, 2, and 3 (PV1/2/3)

Target: PV1/2/3
Molecular classification: Virus, Enterovirus, Picornaviridae, RNA virus

Overview

Poliovirus types 1, 2, and 3 are the three serotypes of poliovirus, a highly infectious human pathogen that causes poliomyelitis (polio). They are members of the *Enterovirus* genus within the *Picornaviridae* family. Types 2 and 3 have been declared eradicated. Humans are the only natural hosts. Vaccines exist in inactivated and live attenuated forms. All types utilize the CD155 receptor for cell entry.

Other names: PoliovirusPV1PV2PV3Enterovirus CWild PoliovirusSabin Poliovirus

Mechanism of action

Vaccine-induced antibody neutralization of viral particles; induction of cellular immunity against viral proteins.

Biological functions

Viral replicationHost cell entryInfectionImmune evasion

Disease associations

PoliomyelitisParalysisVaccine-derived poliovirus (VDPV) outbreaks

Safety considerations

Rare risk of vaccine-derived paralytic poliomyelitis (VAPP) with OPVImmunocompromised individuals may have prolonged viral shedding after OPV vaccinationReversion of attenuated OPV strains to virulenceRisk of circulating vaccine-derived poliovirus (cVDPV)

Interacting drugs

Inactivated Polio Vaccine (IPV)

1 more in the full profile.

Biomarkers

Neutralizing antibody titersSeroconversion rateViral sheddingDetection of poliovirus RNA in stool samples

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