Poly [ADP-ribose] polymerase 3 (PARP3)

Poly [ADP-ribose] polymerase 3 (PARP3) is a nuclear and centrosomal mono-ADP-ribosyltransferase that plays a critical role in the maintenance of genomic stability and cellular homeostasis. It is a key player in the DNA damage response, particularly facilitating the repair of double-strand breaks through the non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) pathway and participating in base excision repair. Beyond its role in DNA maintenance, PARP3 is essential for accurate mitotic progression by stabilizing the mitotic spindle and maintaining telomere integrity during cell division. In the context of oncology, PARP3 is a significant therapeutic target because it exhibits synthetic lethality with BRCA1 deficiency; inhibiting PARP3 selectively induces cell death in BRCA1-deficient cancer cells, such as those found in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), by impairing Rictor/mTORC2 signaling. While clinical PARP inhibitors like olaparib and rucaparib target multiple PARP family members including PARP3, research is increasingly focused on selective PARP3 inhibitors to enhance efficacy and reduce the side effects associated with pan-PARP inhibition.

Other names

PARP-3ADPRT3ARTD3ADPRTL2ADPRTL3IRT1PADPRT-3Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase family member 3Protein mono-ADP-ribosyltransferase PARP3DNA ADP-ribosyltransferase PARP3NAD(+) ADP-ribosyltransferase 3