Target intelligence / Profile preview

Pro-inflammatory Cytokines (TNFα, IL-1) (TNFα, IL-1)

Target
TNFα, IL-1
Molecular classification
Cytokine
01

Overview

Pro-inflammatory cytokines such as TNFα and IL-1 are critical regulators of inflammation. Produced mainly by activated macrophages and helper T-cells during infection or injury, they orchestrate cellular responses necessary for pathogen clearance but can cause pathology if dysregulated. Their central role makes them important therapeutic targets in a range of chronic inflammatory diseases.

Other names
Tumor Necrosis Factor alphaInterleukin-1Proinflammatory cytokines
02

Mechanism of action

Direct binding and neutralization of pro-inflammatory cytokines, or blocking their receptors.

03

Biological functions

Immune responseInflammationCell signalingRecruitment of immune cellsActivation of immune cellsGene expression regulationApoptosis
04

Disease associations

Autoimmune disordersChronic inflammatory diseasesArthritisCancer progressionCardiovascular diseaseNeurological disordersDepression
05

Safety considerations

Increased risk of infectionImmunogenicityExacerbation of certain conditions
06

Interacting drugs

Anti-TNF therapies (e.g., monoclonal antibodies)

1 more in the full profile.

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