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Target intelligence / Profile preview
Proinsulin Peptide (C19-A3) (C19-A3)
- Target
- C19-A3
- Molecular classification
- Peptide, Immunomodulatory Agent
01
Overview
Proinsulin peptide C19-A3 is a synthetic 18-amino acid peptide (GSLQPLALEGSLQKRGIV) derived from human proinsulin, specifically spanning residues 19 of the C-peptide through residue 3 of the A-chain. It is designed as an immunomodulatory agent for type 1 diabetes, targeting autoreactive CD4+ T cells and aiming to induce immune tolerance by promoting IL-10-producing CD4+ regulatory T cells. Clinical trials have shown it to be safe and well-tolerated, with evidence of modulating immune responses without accelerating beta cell decline.
- Other names
- Proinsulin C19-A3GSLQPLALEGSLQKRGIV peptide
02
Mechanism of action
Induction of antigen-specific regulatory CD4+ T-cells, potentially through HLA DRB1*0401 presentation, leading to increased IL-10 production and immune tolerance.
03
Biological functions
Immune modulationT-cell activationTolerance induction
04
Disease associations
Type 1 Diabetes MellitusAutoimmunity
05
Safety considerations
Potential for waning immune response over timeNeed for continued dosing to maintain therapeutic effectRisk of off-target immune effects
06
Biomarkers
C19-A3-specific IL-10+ CD4 T cells
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