Regulator of cell cycle (RGCC) (RGCC)

Regulator of cell cycle (RGCC), also known as response gene to complement 32 (RGC-32), is a multifunctional cell cycle regulator involved in cell cycle progression, cellular differentiation, inflammation, vascular remodeling, and fibrogenesis[1][2][3][5]. It is induced by p53 following DNA damage and by complement activation, localizes to the cytoplasm and centrosomes, and can regulate G1/S and G2/M transitions by interacting with CDK1 and polo-like kinase 1[3][5]. Upregulation of RGCC has been observed in neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s, correlating with cognitive decline and neuronal vulnerability, especially in the context of aberrant cell cycle re-entry and apoptosis[1]. In cancer, its role is context-dependent: it may promote tumor proliferation or act as a tumor suppressor via G2/M arrest, depending on tissue type[5]. RGCC is also involved in fibrosis by promoting epithelial-mesenchymal transition and myofibroblast differentiation following TGF-β stimulation[5].\n\nKey functional mechanisms include modulation of kinase activity, especially CDK1, cell fate determination in response to extracellular cues, and mediation of apoptosis in neuronal cells via p53 pathways. Its diverse regulatory functions and disease associations make it an emerging—but complex—therapeutic target with roles in oncology, neurodegeneration, and fibrotic disease[1][3][5].

Other names

Response gene to complement 32RGC-32RGC32C13orf15bA157L14.2

Cell cycle modulation (potential targeting by small molecules that influence CDK1 or related kinases); Indirect modulation via p53-influenced apoptosis/cell cycle arrest pathways