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Salmonella typhi (attenuated)
- Molecular classification
- Bacterium, Live attenuated vaccine, Pathogen (attenuated)
01
Overview
Salmonella typhi (attenuated) refers to strains of the bacterium *Salmonella enterica* serovar Typhi that have been genetically modified or selected to reduce their virulence, making them safe for use as live vaccines. These attenuated strains are designed to stimulate protective immunity without causing disease. Common genetic modifications include mutations in genes essential for bacterial survival or virulence, such as aroA and purA mutations. The most widely used attenuated S. Typhi vaccine is strain Ty21a, administered orally for prevention of typhoid fever among travelers and populations at risk in endemic regions.
- Other names
- Ty21aAttenuated Salmonella TyphiLive attenuated S. Typhi vaccine
02
Mechanism of action
Stimulation of cell-mediated and humoral immunity through exposure to attenuated Salmonella typhi antigens.
03
Biological functions
Induction of immune responseAntigen presentationColonization (transient)Vaccination
04
Disease associations
Typhoid fever (prevention)
05
Safety considerations
Potential for reversion to virulence (low risk with multiple attenuating mutations)Contraindicated in immunocompromised individualsMild gastrointestinal symptoms
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