Scavenger receptor class B member 1 (SR-BI) (SR-BI)

Scavenger receptor class B member 1 (SR-BI) is a multi-ligand cell surface glycoprotein that serves as the primary receptor for high-density lipoprotein (HDL). It is highly expressed in the liver and steroidogenic tissues, where it mediates the selective uptake of cholesteryl esters from HDL without the internalization and degradation of the HDL particle itself (PMID: 8598915). In the context of the foam cell formation pathway, SR-BI plays a pivotal role in reverse cholesterol transport, facilitating the removal of excess cholesterol from peripheral tissues, including macrophages, for transport back to the liver (PMID: 10676942). While its hepatic function is generally considered cardioprotective, its role in macrophages and other peripheral cells is more complex and can influence the development of atherosclerosis and foam cell accumulation. Beyond lipid metabolism, SR-BI is a known co-receptor for the Hepatitis C virus (HCV) entry into hepatocytes, making it a target for antiviral drug development, such as the antagonist ITX-5061 (PMID: 20603045). Therapeutic modulation of SR-BI remains challenging due to its essential role in producing steroid hormones and the potential for off-target effects on lipid homeostasis.

Other names

SCARB1CD36L1CLA-1SRB1Scavenger receptor class B type I

SR-BI facilitates the selective uptake of cholesteryl esters from high-density lipoprotein (HDL) into cells and mediates the bidirectional flux of free cholesterol between the cell membrane and lipoproteins (PMID: 8598915, 10676942).