Scavenger receptors on antigen-presenting cells (SRs) (SRs)

Scavenger receptors on antigen-presenting cells (APCs) are a heterogeneous group of cell-surface glycoproteins that mediate the binding and uptake of various ligands, including modified lipids and pathogens [1, 2]. This specific grouping, often categorized in biological databases as 'Other scavenger receptors,' includes molecules such as CD163, Stabilin-1 (STAB1), and Stabilin-2 (STAB2) [1]. These receptors are essential for maintaining tissue homeostasis by facilitating efferocytosis, the process of clearing apoptotic cells and cellular debris [3]. Beyond clearance, they function as pattern recognition receptors that trigger or modulate signaling pathways involved in the innate immune response [2, 3]. In clinical contexts, these receptors are significant in atherosclerosis, where they contribute to lipid accumulation, and in oncology, where they are markers of immunosuppressive macrophage phenotypes [4, 5]. CD163, for example, is a well-known scavenger for hemoglobin-haptoglobin complexes and serves as a diagnostic marker for macrophage activation [4]. Stabilins are involved in the clearance of hyaluronan and are implicated in liver fibrosis and cancer metastasis [5]. Therapeutic targeting of these receptors aims to reprogram macrophage activity or block the uptake of harmful substances to treat inflammatory and metabolic disorders [1, 4].

Other names

Other scavenger receptors on antigen-presenting cellsScavenger receptor familyCD163Stabilin-1 (STAB1)Stabilin-2 (STAB2)Scavenger receptor with C-type lectin (SRCL)SSC5D

Binding and internalization of polyanionic ligands, apoptotic cells, and hemoglobin-haptoglobin complexes to facilitate clearance and modulate immune signaling.